ANGAMPORA: Asia has been the breeding ground for most of the Martial Arts which exist today. Karate, Tae-kwon-do, Judo, Kung-fu which has come from the Eastern Asia and many others have become popular through generations over hundreds of years but there are many that are not recognised today.
Though many Sri Lankans are not aware there are also the inherited great martial arts which is hundred or maybe over thousand years old. The name which stands on top among our own martial arts is the ‘Angampora’.
The start of this art goes back to the period of King ‘Ravana’. Over the centuries the art of the game was hidden in the history. The re appearance of the game came out at the ‘Beligal Korale’, which is currently known as the area around Kegalle.Among the two main divisions of the game named ‘Sudaliya’ and ‘Maruwalliya’ which are two generations, the Beligal Korale was the land for the most widely spread one which is the Maruwalliya.
There are some differences between the two types, but it is said that both types originated from one basic game. The generations of both these two categories exist today.
The heroine of the current Maruwalliya is known as ‘Menike’ or the ‘Disapathiniya’ who is known to be lived around 400-500 years ago.
She is said to be a real heroine who was dressed as a man and fought with the warrior that killed her father and defeated him with the help of Maruwalliya.
This deadly fight has taken place at a pit called ‘Ura Linda’ which means ‘pig’s pit’ where the two worriers fight inside the pit and the king and the spectators watch it from outside.
Her art of fighting came along securing the true art of Angampora for centuries and the generation after generation inherited it from their ancestors.
The last of the Angampora gurus existed during the Kandyan kingdom. The sport, that had withstood the test of time, faced its biggest challenge during this era. The British, two years after capturing Kandy and gaining control over the entire island, passed a law to ban Angampora in 1817.
The penalty for anyone found practising the art was harsh. Those who breached this law were shot below the knee. Many gurus and students gave up the art in fear of punishment. The high status the sport had earned was lost and it was looked upon as the game of criminals and vagabonds. However, a few continued to practise this traditional art in secretive places. It’s from the remnants of this art that guru Karunapala passes onto his students today. After several years of informal training and practice guru Karunapala and Wickramasinghe, with the motive of further developing the sport, established the Jathika Hela Angam Shilpa Kala Sangamaya in 2001, the governing body for Angampora.
Every practice session begins with a session of meditation and an offering of pin (merit) to their guru. When a student first enters the class he or she has to light three lamps and make a pledge. “I can judge whether a student is mentally fit to learn the art by the manner in which the student makes the pledge. If I sense doubt or scepticism in the mind of the student and feel he or she cannot cope with the discipline I don’t take them into the class”, says Karunapala who adds that many fail this initial test. Students also have to produce a police report or Grama Sevaka report before gaining entrance to the school. All this is done to ensure that only people with a stable mind and good conduct can follow the training schedule of the art.
A variety of weapons are used in Angampora. One of the most lethal weapons is the ‘Velayudaya’, a whip like apparatus made of four double-edged flexible strips of metal. A practitioner uses a pair of this apparatus to obtain maximum effect. However, only the most experienced fighters use these weapons, as there is a risk of cutting oneself badly while lashing out at an adversary.
Then there is the combat sword. This thick instrument is custom made for the fighter. The length of the sword is similar to the distance between the fighter’s fingertips and his under arm. A smaller variety of sword, known as the ‘Keti Kaduwa’, is also used. This is used together with a small shield or ‘Paliya’, which is about the size of a standard wall clock.
A beginner is first taught basic warm up exercises. Later a student is taught more specialized exercises which are connected to the art. Once a student is found competent in performing these specialized exercises he or she progresses to the actual art of combat.
The first skill a student learns is the `Mulla Panina’ exercise or basic foot movement. This is done to the rhythm of the geta bera drums, a movement that takes the form of a dance. The basic principle behind Mulla Panina is to learn to use one’s feet. This will help a practitioner of Angampora to sidestep an attacker and keep one’s balance at all times.
Once this basic foot movement is mastered a student learns a more advanced foot movement known as ‘Gaman Thalawa’. Gaman Thalawa is structured around the movements of big cats. This feline like movement makes the fighter move in a rhythmic semicircular pattern, similar to the moving pattern of an angry tiger in a cage.
This foot movement coupled with Ath Haramba or hand movement results in what is known as Amaraya. Amaraya is the use of Gaman Thalawa in a sparring contest against an opponent. The contest between two as mentioned at the beginning of this article was an Amaraya. Here the two opponents move around sizing each other up in rhythmic feline like movements.
Then there are the three main hand movements or Harambas. I already mentioned the Ath Haramba, which is the use of one’s bare hands in combat. In Ath Haramba the student is taught to take on the attacks of adversaries from four directions. An integral part of this is the knowledge of targeting sensitive points in the body when striking an opponent.
rasanna Vithanage
